Question:
1. Define joint. D. 05, 06, 07, 08, 14, 16 J. 12
Or, what is joint? D. 05 J. 09
2. Classify joint. D. 06, 08, 09 J. 09, 13
Or, what are the types of joints. D. 05, 07
Or, describe different types of joint. J. 12
3. What are the functions of joint?
Definition of joint:
Joint is a junction between two or more bones, bones to cartilage and cartilage to cartilage where wide range of movement is present or not.
Classification / types of joint:
A. Diarthrosis or synovial joint:
These joints are fully movable.
1. Hinge joint, e.g. elbow joint.
2. Pivot joint, e.g. proximal & distal radio-ulnar joint.
3. Condylar joint, e.g. knee joint.
4. Ellipsoid joint, e.g. wrist joint.
5. Saddle joint, e.g. sterno-clavicular joint.
6. Ball & socket joint, e.g. hip joint, shoulder joint.
7. Plane joint, e.g. acromioclavicular joint.
B. Synarthrosis:
These joints in which very limited or no movement is possible.
1. Fibrous joint: These joints are fully immovable.
a) Suture, e.g. sagittal suture, lambdoid suture etc.
b) Syndesmosis, e.g. inferior tibio-fibular joint.
c) Gomphosis, e.g. between teeth & their sockets.
2. Cartilaginous joint: These joints are slightly movable.
a) Primary cartilaginous joint: Immovable E.g. epiphyseal plate.
b) Secondary cartilaginous joint: Little movement E.g. symphysis pubis.
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